Wednesday Night Bible Study | 03.10.2021
Audio
Notes
Big Picture Overview of OT – Understanding Isaiah in Its OT Context (Part 5)
God’s Covenant Promises, Signs, Son(s) & Servants – in Genesis, Exodus,… 2 Samuel … & Isaiah
Son(s) & Servant(s) – Adam, Noah, Israel, David, Jesus
(1) Sonship Issue of Adam as God’s Son … and Jesus as God’s Son (the “True/Last Adam”) AND as God’s Divine Son:
Genesis 1:26 Then God said, “Let us make man [adam] in our image, after our likeness. And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over the livestock and over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.”
Genesis 5:1-3
This is the book of the generations of Adam. When God created man [adam], He made him in the likeness of God.
Male and female He created them, and He blessed them and named them “Man” [adam] when they were created.
When Adam had lived 130 years, he fathered a son in his own likeness, after his image, and named him Seth.
Genesis 5:32 After Noah was 500 years old, Noah fathered [begat] Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
Luke 3:23… 3:38
Jesus, when he began his ministry, was about thirty years of age, being the son (as was supposed) of Joseph, the son of Heli,… the son of Enos, the son of Seth, the son of Adam, the son of God.
1 Corinthians 15:45
Thus it is written, “The first man Adam became a living being”; the last Adam became a life-giving spirit. [See John 5:21]
(2) Sonship Issue of Israel as God’s First-born Son & Servant … and Jesus as God’s Divine/True Son & Servant:
Romans 9:4 … the people of Israel. Theirs is the adoption as sons; theirs the divine glory and the covenants; theirs the giving of the law, the temple worship, and the promises
Exodus 4:22-23
“Then you shall say to Pharaoh, ‘Thus says the LORD, Israel is my firstborn son, and I say to you, “Let my son go that he may serve Me.” If you refuse to let him go, behold, I will kill your firstborn son.’”
Hosea 11:1
“When Israel was a child, I loved him, and out of Egypt I called My son.”
Matthew 2:15
… where He [Jesus] stayed until the death of Herod. This fulfilled what the Lord had spoken through the prophet: "Out of Egypt I called My Son."
Cf. Christians as “children” & “sons of God:” Romans 8:14,19 For all who are led by the Spirit of God are sons of God…. For the creation waits with eager longing for the revealing of the sons of God. Cf. 1 John 3:1-2, John 1:13, Matt. 5:9
(3) Sonship Issue of David/”David” as God’s Son & Servant … and Jesus as David’s AND God’s True Son:
Psalm 89:27 “And I will make him the firstborn, the highest of the kings of the earth.” …
Isaiah – Israel and an Individual Messiah as God’s Son & Servant
Isaiah 1:2ff., 43:6, 63:8ff., 64:8ff…. v. Isaiah 9:6, etc.
Isaiah 41:8 “But you, Israel, my servant, Jacob, whom I have chosen, the offspring of Abraham, my friend;”
Isaiah 44:1ff “But now hear, O Jacob my servant, Israel whom I have chosen…”,
Isaiah 42:1 “Behold my servant, whom I uphold, my chosen, in whom my soul delights; I have put my Spirit upon him; he will bring forth justice to the nations.”
… AND Isaiah 49 & 52-53!!!
provided something better for us, that apart from us they should not be made perfect.
God’s Covenant Promises, Signs, Son(s) & Servants – in Genesis, Exodus,… 2 Samuel … & Isaiah
Genesis 1:1-2:3/ 2:4-3:19
And God said. And God saw … was good. And God blessed => “Be fruitful & multiply,… fill….”
And God said (6x – vv. 3, 6, 9, 14, 20, 24) begins each day. “Then God said” (2x – vv. 11, 26). “God blessed them and said” (2x – vv. 22, 28). => “Ten Words”
Gen. 3:15 Protoevangelium v. the Curse of the Ground AND the Great Reversal (adam subject to dust)
Genesis 6 & 9 Noahic Covenant(s)
Gen. 6:18 Moses’/OT’s first use of Hebrew term b’rit
God establishes his B’rit with Noah AND gives Noah a Command: Noah & family must come into the ark.
8:20 – 9:17 – What is most commonly called the “Noahic Covenant”
Moses’/Genesis’ use (now repeated) of Hebrew b’rit (Chapter 9 verses 9, 11, 9:12, 13, 15, 16, 17)
Notes: (1) The covenant is (a) Unconditional, (b) Universal & (c) Everlasting!!!
Notably Universal: with Noah AND ALL Noah’s seed, …
AND ALL living creatures,… AND for perpetual generations!
(2) Noah & Ark Animals, Flood Subsiding, God’s Restoration of Creation Mandate and God’s Repeated Giving of the Mandate, and Noah’s Name all reflect/echo Genesis 1-2:4.
(3) The Sign/Token –- famously the rainbow –is for the LORD (!) 9:12ff.
(4) Noah’s “Fall”/ a failed “2d Adam” ….
(5) Noah’s curse on Ham & Canaan, and Noah’s blessing of YHWH, Shem’s God.
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Further problems with humanity, summarized in the Genesis 10-11 Table of Nations and Tower of Babel – in particular highlighting rising conflict with Nimrod & the people/kingdoms/cities that come from him (including Babel & Assyria/Nineveh) … culminating with the TOWER of Babel!
This all sets up the major contrast/tension between the City of Man/Idolatry/Man’s Glory and
the LORD’s plan/promise/covenants with & through Abram.
Genesis 12-28ff. Abrahamic Covenant(s) –
including the initial/calling commands & promises the LORD made to Abram of land, seed & blessing [Genesis 12:1-3].
1 Now the LORD said to Abram,
(A) “Go from your country and your kindred and your father’s house to the land that I will show you. 2 And (1) I will make you into a great nation, And (2) I will bless you, And (3) make your name great;
And (B) you shall be a blessing; 3 And (1) I will bless those who bless you, And (2) the one who curses you I will curse. And (3) in you all the families of the earth will be blessed.”
The LORD further specifically makes & cuts his covenant(s)with and/or for Abram and his seed & family. God confirms and expands on the promises as the story of Abram moves forward. See, e.g.:
the specific b’rit of 15:18ff. …
the b’rit olam 17:7ff. and the SIGN of the covenant l-oth b’rit (17:11)… and
the LORD’s magisterial covenant oaths in 22:15ff.
See also, the LORD’s Reaffirmation of Covenant Oath/Promises to Isaac & Isaac’s Responses (Gen. 26) and God Almighty’s Call, Promises, and Naming of Jacob as Israel (Gen. 35).
Exodus 1-4/ Moses (& Aaron) & Israel v. Pharaoh/Egypt
1:7 fruitful & multiplied
2:24b-25 … and God remembered his covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob. God saw the people of Israel, and God knew.
Chapter 3 (note sign 3:12 … and signs Chapters 4 … and then 7-13ff.)